SKU: 27190972065

Robert Nixon and Police Torture in Chicago, 1871-1971

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Robert Nixon and Police Torture in Chicago, 1871-1971In 2015, Chicago became the first city in the United States to create a reparations fund for victims of police torture, after investigations revealed that former Chicago police commander Jon Burge tortured numerous suspects in the 1970s, '80s, and '90s. But claims of police torture have even deeper roots in Chicago. In the late 19th century, suspects maintained that Chicago police officers put them in sweatboxes or held them incommunicado until they

In 2015, Chicago became the first city in the United States to create a reparations fund for victims of police torture, after investigations revealed that former Chicago police commander Jon Burge tortured numerous suspects in the 1970s, '80s, and '90s. But claims of police torture have even deeper roots in Chicago. In the late 19th century, suspects maintained that Chicago police officers put them in sweatboxes or held them incommunicado until they confessed to crimes they had not committed. In the first decades of the 20th century, suspects and witnesses stated that they admitted guilt only because Chicago officers beat them, threatened them, and subjected them to sweatbox methods. Those claims continued into the 1960s.

In Robert Nixon and Police Torture in Chicago, 1871-1971, Elizabeth Dale uncovers the lost history of police torture in Chicago between the Chicago Fire and 1971, tracing the types of torture claims made in cases across that period. To show why the criminal justice system failed to adequately deal with many of those allegations of police torture, Dale examines one case in particular, the 1938 trial of Robert Nixon for murder. Nixon's case is famous for being the basis for the novel Native Son, by Richard Wright. Dale considers the part of Nixon's account that Wright left out of his story: Nixon's claims that he confessed after being strung up by his wrists and beaten and the legal system's treatment of those claims. This original study will appeal to scholars and students interested in the history of criminal justice, and general readers interested in Midwest history, criminal cases, and the topic of police torture.



Binding Type: Hardcover
Publisher: Northern Illinois University Press
Published: 05/25/2016
ISBN: 9780875807393
Pages: 184
Weight: 0.90lbs
Size: 9.10h x 6.10w x 0.70d
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SKU: 27190972065

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Bobbie
Lexington, US
★★★★★ 1
“Indestructible”? Not even close.
Color: Carrot Orange, Color: Carrot Orange
I bought this because it was advertised for large aggressive chewers and claimed to be indestructible. Unfortunately, that couldn’t be further from the truth. My dog destroyed this toy in about two minutes. Seriously. It took me longer to get it out of the Amazon packaging and the manufacturer’s box than it did for my dog to rip it open. Once he got going, the seams popped and stuffing was everywhere. Then I got the joy of cleaning up the mess, which took longer than the toy lasted. If your dog is actually a strong chewer, this toy probably won’t survive very long. I wish I could recommend it, but honestly it just didn’t hold up at all. Save your money and keep looking
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Reviewed in the United States on March 12, 2026
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rdb
Fort Morgan, US
★★★★★ 5
UPDATE TO MY REVIEW / It's NOT indestructible!
Color: Carrot Orange
UPDATE: I stand by my review for the original "Plush Toy". BUT ... the seller contacted me and offered to help, because they don't want their customers to be unhappy with their products. I described the problem, and they said they'd contact their supplier to correct things. AND ... they offered to send another dog toy that actually was indestructible. My dog, a Border Collie - Retriever mix, loved the replacement they sent, an Orange Peanut. (He even took it to bed the first night.) This was much appreciated. But what I most appreciated was their Customer Service and Care. They don't just say they want their customers to be happy, they actually demonstrate it by their actions. This type of care is rare these days, and I commend them for it. Notice I've changed my rating from 1-star to 5-stars, this is in recognition of their Customer Service. To me, this type of care is more important than any product. So I now fully endorse this seller. If you have an issue with a product, just contact them (through Amazon), and they will do their utmost to make things right, and to make sure you're happy. ****************************************** I bought this because it was described as "Dog Plush Toy for Large Aggressive Chewers, Indestructible Dog Squeaky Toy" (from their listing on Amazon). My dog is a Golden Retriever mix, and he's only a "medium size aggressive chewer". And yet, this toy lasted 10 minutes at the most. Very disappointing ... save yourself a "dog toy heartbreak".
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Reviewed in the United States on March 19, 2023
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Mistelle Lanko
Waukegan, US
★★★★★ 3
Not indestructible however not terrible.
Color: Shocking Pink
Not indestructible however not terrible. My strong chewer had quickly devoured the plush stomach and eaten the squeaker. But the rope parts and rough face pieces are holding up well. Not a disaster.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 19, 2026
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Chris
Los Angeles, US
★★★★★ 4
Good toy but not indestructible
Color: Royal Blue
The toy is nice, but my dog killed it in about 30 minutes. The only reason I didn’t give it five stars is because it says indestructible Toy in the description. Other than that it is a nice chew toy.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 6, 2026
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J. L.
Alexandria, US
★★★★★ 5
Dog loves it. So 5 starts
Color: Carrot Orange
A great value toy that is very hard to destroy. Our dog usually runs through softer toys and this one has lasted a long time. Its not chewable like a plushy but harder fabric that doesn't rip apart. The dogs are having a blast with it. And so are we. The colors fit the description. The size was idk 2ft ish. It met all expectations. I wouldn't expect to need more than one of them unless your dog is a super destroyer.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 27, 2025

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